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This chapter describes the major characteristics of nerve tissue and the nervous system and their embryonic origin. It explains the cytological organisation and properties of neurons, the excitable cells responsible for the conduct of nerve impulses and how this impulse is produced. The mechanisms of impulse transmission between neurons at synapses are described. In addition, the different cell types of neuroglia that accompany neurons in nerve tissues and the characteristics of nerve fibres are studied. Finally, structures of the nervous system that can be found in the walls of the oral cavity and in the tissues of the tooth and periodontium, i.e. peripheral nerves and motor and sensory nerve endings, free and encapsulated, are described.

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Nerve Tissue

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Francisco J. Sáez,
  • Iker Badiola

摘要

This chapter describes the major characteristics of nerve tissue and the nervous system and their embryonic origin. It explains the cytological organisation and properties of neurons, the excitable cells responsible for the conduct of nerve impulses and how this impulse is produced. The mechanisms of impulse transmission between neurons at synapses are described. In addition, the different cell types of neuroglia that accompany neurons in nerve tissues and the characteristics of nerve fibres are studied. Finally, structures of the nervous system that can be found in the walls of the oral cavity and in the tissues of the tooth and periodontium, i.e. peripheral nerves and motor and sensory nerve endings, free and encapsulated, are described.