Young People as Victims, Offenders, or Victim-Offenders
摘要
This chapter presents comparative findings from the ISRD4 study on youth victimization, offending, and their overlap across 21 countries. It begins with an analysis of self-reported victimization among adolescents, covering four offline offenses, three online offenses, and parental violence, and highlights cross-national patterns as well as differences in victimization by gender and age. The chapter then examines the extent to which victimization is reported to the police, revealing substantial underreporting—particularly for online offenses. A comparison across three ISRD waves (ISRD2–ISRD4) explores trends in victimization, noting a general decline in parental violence and decreasing rates for most other offenses. The second section examines self-reported offending involving 14 distinct offenses, organized into categories such as property damage, property acquisition, violence, drug selling, and online offenses, and explores how offending varies by gender and age. The final section explores the overlap between victimization and offending, with special attention given to the link between parental violence and both violent and non-violent youth offending. The chapter highlights that while victimization and offending are distinct phenomena, they frequently co-occur, with patterns that vary across countries—likely shaped by differing cultural and institutional contexts.