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It is known that European urban housing systems have increasingly been subjected to pressures from market liberalisation, gentrification, and uneven spatial development. Considering challenges like these, in Portugal, identifying Urban Pressure Zones (Zonas de Pressão Urbanística (ZPU)) aims to delineate areas where housing demand has surpassed supply, creating affordability issues. This paper explores the case of Matosinhos, a municipality in the Porto Metropolitan Area (AMP), where such dynamics are evident. Using formal methods in urbanism, like space syntax theory and kernel density estimation, the study provides a spatial analysis of urban configuration, accessibility, and housing market activity to support the delimitation of Matosinhos’ ZPU. Space syntax methods were applied to assess integration, connectivity, choice, synergy, and configurational intelligibility through segment and axial map analysis, revealing highly structured urban fabrics in areas like Matosinhos Centre and Senhora da Hora. This approach was complemented with kernel density estimations of housing demands and unoccupied dwellings. Statistical analyses were explored considering housing transactions and pricing data, identifying zones with elevated housing market activity and pressure. Results from these formal methods in urbanism converged, highlighting areas where spatial centrality and housing pressure intersect. These areas typically offer better infrastructure, transport access, and mixed urban functions, making them desirable and increasingly housing inaccessible. The integration of data-driven spatial analysis within a GIS framework enables a more accurate and objective ZPU delineation. Furthermore, this methodological approach enhances urban planning capacity and supports the formulation of targeted public policies. The study also discusses the implications of such methods for spatial justice, framing access to housing as a fundamental element of the broader right to the city. Ultimately, the case of Matosinhos demonstrates how formal methods in urbanism can inform housing strategies, urban planning decisions, and public policies aimed at creating more equitable, structured, and inclusive urban environments.

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Combining Space Syntax and Kernel Methods in the Delimitation of the Matosinhos Urban Pressure Zone

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • David Leite Viana,
  • João Quintão,
  • António Rui Fernandes

摘要

It is known that European urban housing systems have increasingly been subjected to pressures from market liberalisation, gentrification, and uneven spatial development. Considering challenges like these, in Portugal, identifying Urban Pressure Zones (Zonas de Pressão Urbanística (ZPU)) aims to delineate areas where housing demand has surpassed supply, creating affordability issues. This paper explores the case of Matosinhos, a municipality in the Porto Metropolitan Area (AMP), where such dynamics are evident. Using formal methods in urbanism, like space syntax theory and kernel density estimation, the study provides a spatial analysis of urban configuration, accessibility, and housing market activity to support the delimitation of Matosinhos’ ZPU. Space syntax methods were applied to assess integration, connectivity, choice, synergy, and configurational intelligibility through segment and axial map analysis, revealing highly structured urban fabrics in areas like Matosinhos Centre and Senhora da Hora. This approach was complemented with kernel density estimations of housing demands and unoccupied dwellings. Statistical analyses were explored considering housing transactions and pricing data, identifying zones with elevated housing market activity and pressure. Results from these formal methods in urbanism converged, highlighting areas where spatial centrality and housing pressure intersect. These areas typically offer better infrastructure, transport access, and mixed urban functions, making them desirable and increasingly housing inaccessible. The integration of data-driven spatial analysis within a GIS framework enables a more accurate and objective ZPU delineation. Furthermore, this methodological approach enhances urban planning capacity and supports the formulation of targeted public policies. The study also discusses the implications of such methods for spatial justice, framing access to housing as a fundamental element of the broader right to the city. Ultimately, the case of Matosinhos demonstrates how formal methods in urbanism can inform housing strategies, urban planning decisions, and public policies aimed at creating more equitable, structured, and inclusive urban environments.