Information System for Certifying UAV Operations Within the Intelligent System Concept “Control_TEA”
摘要
The main focus of the research is to improve the components of the “Control_TEA” system (management of techno-ecological accidents), which consists of regional situational centers (RSCs) and mobile situational centers (MSCs) under the guidance of a central situational center (CSC) for managing mobile robots (MRs) located in designated technoparks. The chapter outlines the necessity to separate the essence of the information system for certifying UAV flight operations, which performs important functions, including real-time flight monitoring, compliance checking with regulatory standards, integration with data on restricted areas, and automation of interactions between drone operators and regulatory authorities. The system is being developed to enhance the safety of drone operations within urban environments, integrate them into the “smart city” concept, and ensure legal compliance for flights. The chapter provides a description of the structural components of drones, with a focus on GPS drones. It examines their design features, including the following components: flight control systems, power units, and communication modules. These components ensure flight stability, telemetry transmission, and the execution of automated missions. The results of the analysis of communication protocols used for telemetry transmission and drone control are presented. The most common protocols in use are MAVLink, gRPC, MQTT, and HTTP, each of which has its own advantages. MAVLink offers ease and rapidity of data transmission, gRPC provides high performance and scalability, MQTT is effective in unreliable network conditions, and HTTP offers versatility in interacting with web services. The unification of the data transmission interface has been identified as one of the important stages of development, which will allow the integration of different protocols and ensure the system’s flexibility, abstracting from hardware features and adapting to unstable communication conditions.