This chapter examines design, fabrication and advanced applications of hybrid polymer textile composites in advanced defense systems. The stitch, weave or braided construction of lightweight and high strength reinforcement fibers combined with flexible polymers can provide an appropriate compromise between protective light weight and mechanical durability and flexibility. In particular, attention has been given to advanced manufacturing methods, which include 3D textile braiding, digital weaving, multi-layered lamination and resin moulding processes that allow fabrication of customized structures and performance in specific areas or locations of the structure. Sensor integration and incorporation of actuating pathways allows traditional and innovative electronics and system integration into intelligent systems, including wearable exoskeletons, soft robotic modules, and other forms of hybrid defence and security systems. Recent innovations, prevailing challenges, and future prospects are discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of polymer-textile composites to meet the stringent demands of defence technologies.