Introduction: In light of the current research both domestically and internationally, it is widely acknowledged that an “asymmetrical” power dynamic exists between doctors and patients. In this context, medical social workers have demonstrated their distinct professional value in mediating and balancing these power dynamics. Materials and Methods: We selected the public welfare space initiative at S City Children’s Hospital as the research case. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing participatory observation and semi-structured interviews to facilitate in-depth dialogue with key stakeholders, including doctors, pediatric patients, parents of pediatric patients, medical social workers, and volunteers. Through these methods, pertinent data were collected from the relevant parties. Results: Drawing on Foucault’s theory of power and space, the analysis indicates that medical social workers, by promoting the practice of public welfare space centered around “Spatial Empowerment,” contribute to the reconfiguration of the power dynamics between doctors and patients. This process emphasizes three interrelated dimensions: spatial relationships, spatial discourse, and spatial order, ultimately facilitating a transition in doctor-patient power dynamics from an “asymmetrical” to a “dynamic equilibrium” model. Discussion and Conclusions: This insight underscores the crucial need for medical social workers to accord paramount significance to the role of “space” within the healthcare milieu. Harnessing the potentialities inherent within spatial dynamics may serve as a seminal underpinning for the provision of professional services characterized by enhanced efficacy and transformative impact.