Understanding how masculinity is related to men’s participation in household work helps explain the persistence of—and resistance of—the gender division of household work. This article is based on data drawn from Gender Equality Attitudes and Values Study (2014–2015), which involved 24 focus groups in 6 provinces and cities in China. It examines the relationship between masculinity and doing housework in the Chinese context. Findings suggest that doing housework does not necessarily jeopardize men’s sense of their masculinity. Two primary mechanisms are at work in men’s interpretation of their masculinity: (1) men emphasize their physical capability, skills, and knowledge in doing certain types of housework, and (2) they are embracing new gender role norms in China. Narratives from both men and women suggest the emerging view that doing household work, particularly childcare and parenting, is essential to being a caring father and a responsible husband. Findings enhance our understanding of masculinity and the gendered division of household work in the changing Chinese society.