Purpose: To analyze public and private areas for loading and unloading cargo on rail freight transport. Methods: Methods of system analysis and linear programming are applied. Results: The work of places for loading and unloading cargo by state and private wagon parks is analyzed, and a new mathematical model for the optimal placement of private freight wagons on the conditions of Uzbekistan is developed. A new model for the optimal placement of operator wagons is proposed. The positive aspects of the proposed scheme are listed. Practical significance: The new model for the optimal placement of private freight wagons provides opportunities to develop the operator business on the Uzbek railway and improves the quality of services in the railway freight transport of Uzbekistan.