The paper provides the results of theoretical and experimental studies on innovative lubricating and cooling technological means (LСTM) with various oxygen-containing polymeric additives subject to subsequent thermal activation during blade cutting of hard-to-machine materials. These materials (heat-resistant, stainless chromium-nickel and titanium alloys) are used in critical parts of modern mechanisms and machines to increase the efficiency of their operational functions. A series of wear-resistant, temperature-force tests were carried out during longitudinal turning and drilling in a wide range of changes of the cutting mode elements. To conduct full-scale tests, the authors develop the original designs of machine tool fixtures and means for the main blade cutting machining efficiency indicators control. By the results of the conducted experimental researches the efficiency of application of the developed LСTM for blade cutting machining is confirmed. It consists of the increase of the cutting tool durability and improvement of the machined surface quality indicators (roughness) in a wide range of changes of the cutting mode elements. In particular, the increase of the tool durability period was 1.5 times at reduction of roughness of the machined surface by 20–35% for machined and tool materials 12H18N10Т - R6М5; the application of the activated LСTM with oxygen-containing additives is confirmed. The moreover it was approved that the use of activated coolants with oxygen-containing polymer additives allows for improving tool durability twice when turning hard-to-machine alloys and structural steels and also facilitates the 2.5 times increase in the axial cutting tools durability when using activated coolants with a polyvinyl alcohol additive, and double increase when using polyethylene glycol additive.