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Odisha (formerly known as Orissa), an eastern Indian state on the Bay of Bengal experiences heatwaves, droughts, floods, and cyclones; parts of it are also prone to earthquakes. Over the past century, Odisha has seen more than 100 significant and memorable cyclonic storms, causing the deaths of an estimated 1.6 lakh people. Many storms have become catastrophes due to their ferocity, along with socioeconomic and geographic susceptibility and the lack of coping mechanisms within the state. In October 1999, a destructive super cyclone struck the Odisha coast. Officially, over 20,000 people were killed, and many more had their homes, farms, cattle, and other possessions destroyed. The event, however, marked a turning point in Odisha’s development trajectory. Similarly, Cyclone Phailin (2013) affected 13.2 million population with casualties and Cyclone Fani (2019) affected 1.6 crore population with 64 fatalities in the coastal district of Odisha. Natural catastrophes have had a substantial impact on each person’s psychological state in addition to the state’s population’s socioeconomic, cultural, and physical well-being. The impact on livelihoods worsens the state’s citizens’ physical and mental health, income, and food security, both directly and indirectly. By establishing the objective of “zero human casualties,” the cyclone-prone state has decided to safeguard its citizens against future calamities, becoming a global leader in disaster management. Odisha’s approach to disaster management seems to have shifted from relief and rescue to the adoption of a proactive state of preparedness. Odisha has conducted training programs in collaboration with NIMHANS for mental health professionals, government employees, and local community-level volunteers and workers in focusing on capacity building and the provision of psychosocial support to survivors of disasters in Odisha. Since the 1999 super cyclone, NIMHANS has been working with the State Government of Odisha to implement training programs at the local community level. Psychosocial readiness proved a major advantage for the state Government during Cyclone Fani in 2019, helping it to deal with the consequences.

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Cyclone Disasters of Odisha: Learning and Achievements over Decades of Psychosocial Support Mental Services (PSSMHS) Interventions

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Lipika Pradhan,
  • Kasi Sekar

摘要

Odisha (formerly known as Orissa), an eastern Indian state on the Bay of Bengal experiences heatwaves, droughts, floods, and cyclones; parts of it are also prone to earthquakes. Over the past century, Odisha has seen more than 100 significant and memorable cyclonic storms, causing the deaths of an estimated 1.6 lakh people. Many storms have become catastrophes due to their ferocity, along with socioeconomic and geographic susceptibility and the lack of coping mechanisms within the state. In October 1999, a destructive super cyclone struck the Odisha coast. Officially, over 20,000 people were killed, and many more had their homes, farms, cattle, and other possessions destroyed. The event, however, marked a turning point in Odisha’s development trajectory. Similarly, Cyclone Phailin (2013) affected 13.2 million population with casualties and Cyclone Fani (2019) affected 1.6 crore population with 64 fatalities in the coastal district of Odisha. Natural catastrophes have had a substantial impact on each person’s psychological state in addition to the state’s population’s socioeconomic, cultural, and physical well-being. The impact on livelihoods worsens the state’s citizens’ physical and mental health, income, and food security, both directly and indirectly. By establishing the objective of “zero human casualties,” the cyclone-prone state has decided to safeguard its citizens against future calamities, becoming a global leader in disaster management. Odisha’s approach to disaster management seems to have shifted from relief and rescue to the adoption of a proactive state of preparedness. Odisha has conducted training programs in collaboration with NIMHANS for mental health professionals, government employees, and local community-level volunteers and workers in focusing on capacity building and the provision of psychosocial support to survivors of disasters in Odisha. Since the 1999 super cyclone, NIMHANS has been working with the State Government of Odisha to implement training programs at the local community level. Psychosocial readiness proved a major advantage for the state Government during Cyclone Fani in 2019, helping it to deal with the consequences.