Several decades have passed since the first attempts to engage with neuroscience from a theological perspective. This approach even gave rise to a specialised field or a new theological brand, namely neurotheology. This trend reflected a cultural atmosphere in which research on the brain was flourishing with new neuroimaging techniques and was nourished by great expectations, since this research could be applied to several other humanistic fields, such as ethics, aesthetics, linguistics, anthropology... The time is ripe to harvest the fruits of this programme and possibly to consider moving to the next level, after assessing the achievements and limits of this development in the theological home.