The introductory chapter situates psychotherapy within the contradictions of contemporary capitalism. It critiques dominant clinical paradigms that either pathologize individuals while normalizing societal dysfunction (“World good, you bad”) or valorize suffering without offering structural change (“World bad, you good”). Both stances, the author argues, deflect attention away from meaningful political engagement. In contrast, the chapter proposes a radical therapeutic orientation rooted in Marxist analysis and dedicated to the full realization of human potential. It contends that therapy must address class exploitation, ideological distortion, and alienation, linking psychological distress to the broader material conditions of late capitalism. The chapter outlines the rationale for this edited volume as a corrective to decades of liberal and depoliticized psychotherapy, assembling voices across radical traditions to envision therapy as revolutionary praxis. With attention to theory and action, the chapter positions psychotherapy not as a neutral science, but as a political act that must be reclaimed by those committed to collective liberation. In doing so, it invites readers to unmask psychology’s ideological role and to reimagine clinical work as part of a broader struggle for economic democracy and human flourishing.