Anonymous communication in the sixth generation (6G) networks plays an essential role in enabling private and secure communication in applications such as digital twins, distributed computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT). As 6G networks continue to expand, conventional classical communication protocols face limitations in ensuring user anonymity and message confidentiality. Integrating advanced anonymous communication protocols is therefore crucial to meeting the stringent privacy and security demands. Quantum communication protocols can overcome these challenges and enhance secure information sharing based on the principle of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we propose an anonymous quantum group communication (AQGC) protocol for quantum linear network, designed to ensure the anonymity of both the sender and the recipients. This protocol allows the sender to transmit messages to multiple receivers simultaneously and anonymously. By utilizing entanglement swapping with Bell pairs, we achieve efficient, anonymous, and secure long-distance message transmission without requiring direct interaction between participants. We evaluate the protocol’s performance by analyzing its anonymity, correctness, and scalability. Our work shows the practicality of quantum communication protocols to address challenging privacy and security requirements, laying the groundwork for advanced communication systems in future quantum networks.