Nietzsche and Religion
摘要
This chapter turns to Nietzsche’s uncompromising attack on Christianity, which he accused of domesticating and corrupting tragedy. Christianity, he argued, transformed suffering into guilt, imposed metaphysical consolations, and weakened the vitality of human existence. Yet the analysis also uncovers paradoxical affinities between Christianity and tragedy. Nietzsche’s proclamation of the “death of God” dismantles metaphysical guarantees but simultaneously reveals the persistence of tragic experience within religious life. The chapter explores how concepts such as sacrifice, incarnation, and resurrection can be reinterpreted tragically rather than dogmatically. Thinkers like Hans Urs von Balthasar and Martin Buber exemplify ways in which faith might coexist with or even affirm tragedy, rather than suppress it. Christianity’s contamination of tragedy thus proves double-edged: it obscures tragic wisdom but also keeps it alive within its symbolic and ritual practices. The chapter concludes that law, democracy, and religion all require tragic consciousness to avoid degenerating into ideology.