In Conclusion: Tragedy and Repetition
摘要
The concluding chapter reflects on tragedy as a mode of repetition rather than resolution. Drawing on Kierkegaard’s concept of repetition and biblical narratives such as Job, it argues that human existence is marked by recurring conflict, suffering, and renewal. Tragedy does not abolish pain but transforms it into a possibility of learning, growth, and renewal. Time is thus not linear progress toward resolution but cyclical return, where suffering must be endured again and again. Yet repetition also strengthens the “inner man,” fostering resilience, humility, and openness to transformation. The chapter closes by affirming tragedy as a philosophical method: not a doctrine of despair, but a practice of confronting reality in its ambiguity and change. Law, democracy, and religion, when informed by tragic repetition, can resist both naïve optimism and nihilistic resignation. Tragedy thus becomes a resource for human flourishing in a world without metaphysical guarantees.