Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a condition that disproportionately affects women and has a significant individual, societal, and economic burden. CPP is associated with many different conditions, and can be a symptom and a syndrome in its own right. CPP is associated with many different comorbidities, including irritable bowel syndrome, major depressive disorder, and pelvic inflammatory syndrome. Treatment depends on the underlying cause; first-line treatment of non-specific chronic pain is typically with over-the-counter analgesics. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is found within all parts of the pain pathways and provides a rationale for why medicinal cannabis (MC) might be a useful treatment option where other strategies have failed, as components of MC interact with the ECS. There is evidence from the general pain literature that MC and key components, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), have analgesic actions and that MC is effective in reducing pain as well as potentially reducing use of opioids. Cross-sectional surveys suggest that MC may be useful in alleviating CPP across a range of gynecological conditions, but there is a lack of clinical research in CPP with no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published to date. A systematic review and a recent RCT provide some evidence that palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) may be useful in alleviating CPP.