The medical use of cannabis dates back thousands of years, with recorded evidence in many cultures of its use for women’s health conditions, including China, Egypt, India, Persia, Africa, South America, and, in more recent times, western countries, including the UK and the US. Despite its many therapeutic uses, it was prohibited in the US in 1937 with the passing of the Marijuana Tax Act 1937, and prohibition in other countries occurred due to its inclusion in Schedule 4 and Schedule 1 of the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961. It is now undergoing somewhat of a resurgence, and many western countries have now legalized its medical use. The cry from orthodox western circles is often that there is no evidence, or not enough evidence, of efficacy to recommend its medical use, but the very concept of what constitutes evidence in medicine, and the so-called evidence-based medicine (EBM) approach, requires some scrutiny. There is a hierarchy of evidence in medicine that positions randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews at the top and case studies and preclinical research at the bottom. Yet, the EBM approach, at least as originally posed by Sackett, does not exclude experiential forms of evidence. The scientific evidence base for medicinal cannabis is variable: for some conditions, there is quite a lot of research, but for other conditions, there is little. Until relatively recently, research has been hampered in many countries due to regulatory restrictions, but now, with the legalization of its medical use, more cannabis research is occurring. Medicinal cannabis may be a useful component of an integrative approach to treating health conditions, one that considers many factors, including the pillars of health (stress reduction, good sleep, optimal nutrition, physical activity, adequate sunlight/Vitamin D).