The primary factors limiting agricultural productivity include a variety of abiotic stressors, including heat, salinity, drought, flooding, ion toxicity, and radiation. Plant functional genomics has completely changed not only the methods for identifying and understanding the roles of important genes, but also the development of defense mechanisms against abiotic stressors. Functional genomics has the potential to greatly aid crop improvement initiatives by providing an understanding of the gene regulatory networks functioning under stress, especially with the advent of novel high throughput technologies in this field. This chapter presents recent discoveries in the field of genome-editing technologies for abiotic stress tolerance for the identification and validation of candidate genes, including use of functional genomics in plant physiology and growth under abiotic stress. We now have a better grasp of how plants respond to abiotic stressors and the various components that are used in signaling and response pathways thanks to the identification and isolation of abiotic stress-tolerant genes and transformation technologies.