Increasingly, people with thyroid diseases, especially if chronic, are looking for complementary or alternative strategies to conventional medical therapy, aimed to improve their health status. Potential strategies include diets specifically designed for thyroid health, changes in eating habits, including the exclusion of certain foods, and the intake of supplements offered on the market and widely advertised. In trying to find answers, it is not uncommon to come across dietary misinformation. For this reason, it is essential to favor the health professional interlocutor: in this way the information regarding nutritional topics can be scientifically valid and clear, so as not to give space to the so-called fake news. Nowadays, it seems more important than ever to clarify the authentic role of various nutritional factors on thyroid homeostasis, dispelling opinions devoid of any scientific evidence. We will review available data regarding the role of the main nutritional topics on thyroid health, including essential micronutrients, such as iodine and selenium, particular foods, such as cruciferous vegetables and soy products, and gluten-free diet.