The development of trade and flow of currency has opened many doors for global financial development. This flow of capital and interplay among various components of the economy has created and shed light on various loopholes in this system, which required urgent attention. From the ancient trading cities of Mesopotamia and Rome in the west to the Mauryan Empire in the east, we found traces of regulatory authorities to control currencies and trade in these territories. With the advent of information technology and development of complex financial systems these authorities has also been replaced by others like the guilds system is replaced by merchant charters and then legal bodies made by parliament whereas, currency minting by kings are replaced by modern central banking system. In this chapter we are trying to trace the journey of financial regulation across the globe, various stages, laws and bodies, there need, context, and jurisdictions. We will cover the emergence of regulation in the ancient civilizations and how it has moved to the banking regulation system, the role of crashes in the market which became the cause for the same. We will see the role of depression in tightening the reigns of economy by regulators and governments. In the context of India, the British regime and change in power to the Independent India is also carefully overviewed. When we move from twentieth century to twenty-first century, technology has not only facilitated the regulators rather it opened new loopholes in the system to cover those governments came up with the new ideas and policies. In the present scenario, artificial intelligence, fintech, and crypto pose and new challenge. We have discussed the steps taken by governments to counter this problem and at the same time facilitate growth using these technologies. At the end we have suggested new measures which should be adopted to handle modern regulatory problems faced by the regulators.