In Brazil, the first concrete pavement was built in 1926, on the stretch of Caminho do Mar highway (“Road to the Sea”), also known as Estrada Velha de Santos (“Old Road to Santos”). By the late 1950s, there was a total of 500 km of roads paved with Portland cement concrete (PCC). Currently, the total length of paved roads in Brazil is only 213,500 km (about 12.4% of the total), with only 1.3% of this total being made of concrete pavements. Since the first pavement was built more than 90 years ago, the number of roads paved with concrete has not increased much. This happened mainly because, after the end of the Second World War, the production of cement was directed to civil construction, failing to serve the area of road infrastructure. Also, with the implementation of technology using asphalt in the coating layer and, mainly, due to the low cost of the product, Brazil started to build only asphalt pavements. Despite this, the extension of the national road network without paving is very extensive (1,507,247 km), which ends up contributing to the high cost of cargo and passenger transport. The annual consumption of asphalt is high (on average around two million tons per year), but a great part (90%) is applied in maintenance and rehabilitation services, and few new pavements are built. Many asphalt pavements, due to several factors, present problems, and defects throughout their useful life, requiring interventions that, in addition to the high cost, end up consuming raw material that could be used in the construction of new pavements. Concrete pavement technology has evolved in recent decades, with more modern equipment, higher productivity, a better quality of work, and, consequently, longer useful life. Also, it presents advantages when compared to the asphalt pavement, such as energy-saving; better visibility by reflection; less heat absorption, reducing the ambient temperature; fuel economy; greater security; and greater durability with lower maintenance cost. This work presents a summary of the main types of concrete pavements and their advantages when compared to asphalt pavements, reports a brief history of concrete pavements in the two countries considered as a reference in the development of this technology (the United States and Germany) and shows the evolution in Brazil, from the construction of the first section to the most recent works.