Pharmacogenomics has emerged as a pivotal element in precision medicine, particularly in drug selection and dosage customization depending on patient genomic profiles. One section of the chapter has explored the clinical applications of pharmacogenomics, focusing on risk management and optimizing medication dosing through aligned therapeutic interventions. We highlighted the integration of existing technologies and their expansion through AI and ML, broadening the scope of pharmacogenomics for comprehensive healthcare benefits. Pharmacogenomics applications have significantly impacted therapeutic areas such as cardiovascular disease, liver conditions, antiviral therapies, drug-induced liver injury (DILI), immune-mediated liver illnesses, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and various other cancers particularly focusing on genetic variability in cancer treatment, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy optimization, elucidating drug response variability in population genomics and public health. Pharmacogenomics has played a significant role in personalizing drug therapy, monitoring therapeutic doses, preventing adverse drug reaction (ADR) cases, optimizing the drug dose, promoting companion diagnostics, improving the effectiveness of clinical decision support system (CDSS), and also developing population-specific guidelines and screening programs.