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The maritime industry faces mounting pressure to decarbonize under the FuelEU Maritime 2040 targets. The SAFeCRAFT project evaluates three sustainable alternative fuels (SAFs)—hydrogen (H2), ammonia (NH3), and liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC)—alongside three powertrain technologies: internal combustion engines (ICE), gensets with power take-in (PTI), and fuel cells with batteries. The study assesses five vessel types, including bulk carriers, containerships, tankers, Ro-Pax vessels, and mid-size cruise ships, considering both retrofits and new-build designs. A two-step, multi-criteria approach is used to rank SAF-powertrain combinations based on key performance indicators (KPIs) such as fuel storage capacity, operational efficiency, sustainability, investment cost, and technological maturity. The methodology involves an initial screening followed by a weighted scoring system to determine optimal retrofit and new-build configurations. Given the uncertainty surrounding commercial availability of H₂ and NH₃ engines and new design challenges, this iterative approach helps prioritize viable solutions. The study contributes to the decarbonization of the maritime sector by identifying practical pathways for SAF adoption, ensuring regulatory compliance while balancing efficiency and technological readiness. The findings provide valuable insights for shipowners, policymakers, and technology developers, offering a data-driven framework to support the transition to sustainable shipping.

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A Multi-criteria Decision-Making Approach for the Assessment of Various Decarbonization Pathways Considering Multiple SAFs, Powertrain and Vessel Type Configurations

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Konstantinos A. Sykaras,
  • Dimitrios N. Vlachos,
  • Leonidas N. Tsaganos,
  • Georgios Charvalos,
  • Georgios N. Rossopoulos,
  • Georgios Kouvaras,
  • Dionysios Markatos,
  • Astrinos Z. Papadakis,
  • Christos I. Papadopoulos,
  • Angelos Filippatos,
  • George Dimopoulos

摘要

The maritime industry faces mounting pressure to decarbonize under the FuelEU Maritime 2040 targets. The SAFeCRAFT project evaluates three sustainable alternative fuels (SAFs)—hydrogen (H2), ammonia (NH3), and liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC)—alongside three powertrain technologies: internal combustion engines (ICE), gensets with power take-in (PTI), and fuel cells with batteries. The study assesses five vessel types, including bulk carriers, containerships, tankers, Ro-Pax vessels, and mid-size cruise ships, considering both retrofits and new-build designs. A two-step, multi-criteria approach is used to rank SAF-powertrain combinations based on key performance indicators (KPIs) such as fuel storage capacity, operational efficiency, sustainability, investment cost, and technological maturity. The methodology involves an initial screening followed by a weighted scoring system to determine optimal retrofit and new-build configurations. Given the uncertainty surrounding commercial availability of H₂ and NH₃ engines and new design challenges, this iterative approach helps prioritize viable solutions. The study contributes to the decarbonization of the maritime sector by identifying practical pathways for SAF adoption, ensuring regulatory compliance while balancing efficiency and technological readiness. The findings provide valuable insights for shipowners, policymakers, and technology developers, offering a data-driven framework to support the transition to sustainable shipping.