An Ontology for Smart Last-Mile Delivery Using Connected Systems
摘要
This research presents an ontology for smart last-mile delivery that addresses the logistical, environmental, and operational challenges associated with this critical stage of the supply chain. High costs, time inefficiencies, congestion, and increasing customer demands for faster services form the core challenges of last-mile delivery. Hence, the proposed ontology structures key components, including stakeholders (customers, carriers, suppliers), vehicles, and infrastructure (distribution centers, delivery zones). By integrating components like Connected System, Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI), this ontology framework enhances efficiency and promotes sustainability. The ontology is developed using the Protégé ontology editor and expressed in Web Ontology Language (OWL). By acting as a bridge for interoperability between connected systems and smart solutions, the ontology enables seamless data exchange and intelligent decision-making, fostering innovation in urban delivery ecosystems. In addition, it supports the creation of intelligent and autonomous solutions tailored to the requirements of modern urban logistics, offering scalable and sustainable approaches to address the challenges of last-mile delivery.