This article presents an in-depth literature review on the role of Metaheuristics in Operations Scheduling Problems. This paper intends to evaluate the use of Metaheuristics, focusing on its developments in an industrial setting. In the first part a literature review was executed on the significance of Operations Scheduling and its different types, as well as Metaheuristics, providing historical context to both of these topics. A bibliometric analysis is also performed, through a refined query, to understand the growth in number of articles published by year on this work’s topic as well as their main areas of investigation and the most important keywords present. Then, two case studies are presented in detail, conveying the effectiveness of Metaheuristics in solving complex Operations Scheduling Problems. More case studies, embracing a diverse plethora of Metaheuristics and different types of Scheduling Problems, are also briefly referred in order to reinforce this point. At the end, a discussion about the future of Metaheuristics, their applications and advantages in industry settings is held, presenting the final thoughts, predicting a significant growth in their usage, establishing these algorithms as a pillar of industrial production in the future.