This article deals with the concept of Industry 4.0, which stands for the integration of advanced digital technologies (IoT, AI, Big Data, robotics, automation) into industrial processes. The development of this idea has led to the emergence of new terms, such as “Products 4.0” and “Services 4.0,” referring to solutions in which digital technologies (T4.0) play a key role. The article presents an example of the application of 4.0 technologies in the cosmetics industry, especially in the context of the use of bioreactors for fermentation. Bioreactors allow the controlled production of high-quality active ingredients, such as biosurfactants, polysaccharides, carotenoids, organic acids and peptides. Their design, functionality and automation and monitoring systems (e.g., TrackAdvance) are described in detail. Despite the advanced technologies used in manufacturing, the authors note that 4.0 products are often produced in manufacturing environments equivalent to the level of Industry 3.0. At the same time, many modern factories (referred to as 4.0 Factories) produce standard products that do not have the characteristics of 4.0 products. This shows the discrepancy between the level of technology used in the process and the actual characteristics of the final product.