Building on the dialectical methodology used in previous chapters, this chapter develops the case study topics within a theoretical framework. It draws on scientific epistemological critiques and Neo-Marxist perspectives to examine how facts are socially produced and accepted through mechanisms of fetish, referred to here as techniques of phenomena and fantasies. The chapter explores how scientific controversies and social distinctions have been objectified in “black boxes” of methods and techniques, thereby obscuring their underlying assumptions. As a result, even practices that aim to critically challenge the status quo end up reproducing specific subjective senses. This analysis highlights the ways in which scientific practices, despite their intention to question norms, can become entangled in the very structures they seek to critique, ultimately reinforcing the social order rather than disrupting it.