Traumatic thoracic injuries are widespread and occur in blunt and penetrating trauma, occurring in approximately 20% of all trauma patients and account for 25% of trauma-related deaths. Approximately 70% of thoracic injuries, especially chest wall trauma, are associated with blunt trauma. The incidence of specific injuries will vary by anatomical location and mechanism of injury. Adequate pain control is imperative in management of rib fractures. Pneumothorax, hemothorax, and flail chest are suggestive of significant chest injury and often require intervention. Pulmonary contusion and laceration vary in severity, and management is based on clinical findings. Injuries to the trachea and bronchi are rare, can be difficult to identify, and require a high degree of suspicion. Blunt or penetrating traumatic injury of the thoracic esophagus is rare but carries a high mortality rate without appropriate management. Keys to the appropriate management and treatment of traumatic thoracic injuries are a thorough clinical survey, choice of appropriate imaging modality, high suspicion of injury, and prompt intervention when indicated.