Principles of Pain Management in Trauma Patients
摘要
Pain management is a critical component to the recovery and functional outcome of the trauma patient. However, providing analgesia can become challenging when an individual has multiple injuries. The underlying principle of pain management is to provide adequate analgesia with minimal side effects to enhance recovery. Multimodal analgesia is the use of multiple adjunct pain modalities that act on different receptors to improve pain control while mitigating side effects. The provision of adequate analgesia in the trauma patient is often delayed, and trauma patients’ pain is frequently undertreated. Clinicians may be reluctant to provide analgesia for fear of hemodynamic instability, airway compromise, or neurologic impairment. Opioids, although widely used, have undesirable effects in a trauma patient. Balanced analgesic options are the cornerstone for facilitating recovery.