The installation of cable pipelines will leave concrete and other foreign objects inside, which will affect the subsequent cable layout and cause safety hazards such as cable damage. To address this problem, this paper designs a cable pipeline inspection and obstacle breaking robot, which can complete autonomous inspection and obstacle breaking in the cable pipeline. First, an image acquisition and processing system is designed to capture real-time images of the pipeline through the camera at the front end of the robot. Secondly, an anomaly detection is performed on the real-time image through the improved yolov8 model. Finally, a modular end effector is designed to remove obstacles from abnormal parts, and the reliability and practicality of the design are verified through simulation.