Approximately two decades after the wars, ethnic cleansing, and genocide, several post-Yugoslav states once again saw a large number of refugees fleeing across their territories in search of international protection in Europe. The public discourse initially labelled this movement as a ‘migration crisis’ (Human Rights Watch, 2015a), but in September 2015, this label shifted to a ‘refugee crisis’ (Human Rights Watch, 2015b). In the spring and summer of 2015, the major refugee movements, predominantly, but not only, from Syria, Afghanistan, and Iraq, profoundly affected two EU candidate countries, Serbia and Macedonia. And these states’ responses significantly shaped the status of the refugees. When in September 2015, Hungary decided to close its southern border with Serbia, and in October, with Croatia, two other post-Yugoslav countries, now EU Member States, Slovenia and Croatia, had a significant number of refugees arriving, entering, and then eventually being transported through (or pushed back from) their territories.