One of the fundamental functions of an intensive care unit (ICU) is monitoring. The three main types of monitoring conducted in the ICU are respiratory, cardiovascular, and cerebral. Despite advancements in health technology, these improvements cannot replace the sophisticated bedside examinations clinicians perform. Continuous hemodynamic assessments after cardiac surgeries are essential for successful postoperative cardiac care. This chapter will cover the primary methods of cardiovascular monitoring; however, more detailed explanations can be found in related texts. Key topics include: By the end of this chapter, readers should have a solid understanding of these important monitoring techniques.