There are currently no medications to treat the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, several studies have documented the increasing prevalence of psychotropic medication prescribing despite limited evidence. Without supporting research, it is important for professionals and caregivers to consider the goals of pharmacological therapy and its effect on behavior. While typical behavioral drug monitoring uses interviews or checklists to assess improvement, side effects, or more nuanced changes in behavior can easily be overlooked. Behavior-analytic research has suggested that some psychotropic medications can impact the effect of the environmental variables on an individual, thus affecting behavioral treatment. Due to the idiosyncratic nature of drug therapy and its interactions with both biological and environmental variables, it is important to be informed about behavioral assessment and data collection to evaluate pharmacological intervention on an individual basis.