Problem behavior that is reinforced by the behavior of others has shown a high degree of sensitivity to behavioral interventions that effectively manipulate the antecedent and consequent variables that occasion and maintain responding. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the process for identifying such problem behavior, providing special consideration of the behavioral principles involved in the assessment process. We then describe how information obtained from the assessment process is used to inform the development of effective function-based interventions. We next discuss the occasionally conflicting goals that must be prioritized for interventions of socially reinforced problem behavior to be successful. Finally, we describe empirically supported approaches for making intervention procedures more practical for implementation by parents, teachers, and other stakeholders. We conclude by discussing the need for future research that assesses and improves the long-term effectiveness of interventions for socially reinforced problem behavior.