The Philanthropists and Activists: No Revolutions, Only Repetition Without Resolution
摘要
This chapter looks at novels that showcase a knowledge of contemporary Oxbridge’s involvement in social and political movements and the general public’s perception of it, as well as a familiarity with the literary traditions that introduced readers to Lady Bountifuls, more professionalized but similarly ineffectual philanthropists, and both demure suffragists and strident suffragettes. Those understandings coalesce in plots that resist the characterization of these figures—especially if they came to those positions after university educations—as targets of social outcry or the butts of jokes. The novels’ turns from propaganda or comedy, however, do not provide clear paths to more serious, balanced plots. They instead result in tales that become ensnared in various repetitious moves toward what appears to be progress for both the university-educated woman and the people with or for whom she undertakes social and political actions. Through this repetition—that is often underscored by unrealistic or ambiguous shifts at the novels’ conclusions—this chapter’s fiction advances plot threads that launch more complicated versions of fictional philanthropic and political women.