Arsenic is a hazardous metal created by humans as well as occurring naturally in the environment. At even low levels, arsenic is a human carcinogen in water with a detrimental impact on human health and atmosphere as the well as ecosystem. Due to this effect, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) established a drinking water arsenic limit of 0.10 parts per million (ppm) to safeguard consumers of public water systems. Many disorders, including black foot disease and a rare peripheral vascular disease, can be caused by an excess of arsenic ions. Arsenic contaminants can be eliminated from the ecosystem using a variety of techniques such as membrane filtration processes, electrokinetic processes, electrocoagulation, precipitation, reverse osmosis, phytoremediation, and adsorption. The adsorption method of removing arsenic has shown to be the most effective of all these techniques because of its ease of use, simplicity, cheap cost, and straightforward operating process, as well as the introduction of creative and useful materials, for example carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphite oxides (GO), metal–organic frameworks, and some bio waste adsorbents. In this chapter, many aspects influencing the effectiveness of adsorption are highlighted along with the adsorptive removal of arsenic utilizing adsorption methods.