The major changes underway in the world are leading to multiple transformations across school systems. Reform objectives range from transformations in school curricula to the use of AI, from improving education quality and equity to responding to new social, economic, demographic and environmental realities. Educational and school leadership is increasingly associated with the ability to adapt to this changing and uncertain environment while improving school outcomes. This chapter identifies the key challenges facing school leaders globally and considers their implications for Latin America, a region marked by cultural diversity, limited resources, and varied socio-economic needs. It reviews changes in education and education policy and practice, the drivers behind them, and draws lessons for school leadership policy globally and for Latin America. The chapter introduces why school leadership policy and practice need to adapt to the changing and uncertain context; it synthesises global trends that influence education policy and school leadership practice; reflects on the heart of change consolidates evidence on leadership roles, including the role of “bridging”; and concludes with considerations for school leadership policy in Latin America.