Brain damage and its consequences are a serious social health problem. Brain damage, mainly associated with crucial biochemical, hormonal, immunological, and metabolic disturbances, contributes to BI-related damage to extracerebral organs. Melatonin is a hormone produced naturally by the pineal gland in the brain, but also the intestines, skin, retina, testes, ovaries, glial, microglial cells, and even lymphocytes. Supplementation of melatonin may present benefits on cardiovascular and cerebral mechanisms, especially during brain injury.