As climate-induced disasters become more frequent and severe, South Korea is facing unprecedented challenges in building an inclusive and resilient disaster management system. This chapter examines how gender shapes both vulnerability to, and capacity for, responding to climate-related disasters. Drawing from a wide range of national disaster policy documents, municipal case studies, and community-level initiatives, it explores how structural gender inequalities—such as women’s underrepresentation in decision-making, limited access to economic resources, and disproportionate caregiving responsibilities—compound the risks faced by women and other socially marginalized groups. The chapter provides empirical insight into how these disparities manifest during climate-related events such as floods, heatwaves, and typhoons, which have affected both urban and rural populations in recent years. It highlights promising gender-responsive practices, including inclusive risk communication strategies, community-based evacuation planning, and the mobilization of women’s groups in post-disaster recovery. It also addresses the limitations of current frameworks, where gender is often treated as a secondary concern rather than a central component of risk governance. By situating the Korean experience within broader international frameworks—such as the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the Paris Agreement, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—this chapter argues for the institutionalization of gender-sensitive disaster governance. It emphasizes the importance of intersectional approaches that account for class, age, ethnicity, and migration status, in addition to gender, in shaping vulnerability and resilience. Ultimately, this chapter contributes to the growing discourse on climate justice by offering practical, context-specific policy recommendations for integrating gender into South Korea’s disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation strategies.