Carbon trade has emerged as a vital climate accountability mechanism in the global agenda to reverse the negative impacts of climate change. Carbon trading is the purchase and sale of credits that allow a certain level of greenhouse gas emission intended to reduce overall emissions of carbon and other anthropogenic contaminants over time. For over a decade, carbon trading schemes have existed in the Global North, particularly within the European Union countries and some Canadian Provinces, as part of the strategies to implement existing treaty obligations to ensure progressive emissions reduction by the contracting parties. This chapter examines African countries’ degree of carbon trading schemes’ adoption and implementation within the current socio-economic realities. Also, it explores carbon trading policies currently operational in Africa, examines the appropriateness of these carbon trading regimes, and recommends guidelines for countries in the region that may adopt such policies in the future, using the lessons gleaned from other jurisdictions.