Persian is an Indo-European language with a historical background dating back to the third-century BC. In the last millennium, Persian has functioned as an international literary language or a main spoken language across a wide range, including the Iranian plateau, Central Asia, and Western Asia. Nowadays, it is used in a narrower region, limited to Iran, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan. This chapter aims to unpack Iran's policies and practices for the internationalization of Persian. The chapter begins with a brief review of the history of the Persian language. It continues with the internationalization of Persian and Iran’s recent programs in both higher education (Iranian studies centers) and/or schools in numerous countries in Asia and other continents for the internationalization of Persian literature, Iranian Islamic culture, and the state's hegemonic political landscape. Next, we report on an empirical study that aimed to explore the policies and practices of Persian language internationalization based on two data sources: macro-policy documents of institutions responsible for the internationalization of Persian, and interviews with policymakers and professionals. The chapter ends with conclusions about the status of Persian language education, implications for more effective Persian internationalization, and directions for further research.