Apathy, characterized by impaired motivation and diminished goal-directed behavior, is a prominent negative symptom in schizophrenia, significantly impacting psychological well-being, social functioning, and quality of life. Unfortunately, it often remains overlooked, leading to limited understanding of psychopathology and ineffective interventions. This chapter provide a comprehensive characterisation of apathy in schizophrenia from the perspective of effort-based decision making (EBDM). We begin by presenting an updated conceptual framework of EBDM and summarizing laboratory paradigms employed in human subjects. Subsequently, we summarize the behavioral manifestations of EBDM impairment and the dysfunctional neural circuits observed in patients with schizophrenia across various stages of the illness. Finally, we address the limitations of existing evidence and discuss future research directions in this domain.