Kinematics of the Wrist Movement
摘要
The need to create a virtual model of the upper extremity, and more specifically of the hand and wrist, arose from the need to better understand how the wrist bones move relative to each other, especially when surgical reconstruction of wrist bone movements is required for subsequent rehabilitation. A hand model with 29 degrees of freedom (DOF) was previously proposed, including forward and inverse kinematics for all fingers, along with a realistic virtual simulation. However, the model did not include the wrist from the perspective of relative movement between the two rows of carpal bones. Recent studies in the literature have highlighted the importance of the relative movement between the two rows of wrist bones. The objective is develop a new wrist model that incorporates the movement of the two rows and eight bones of the wrist. A new coordinate system was established at the distal end of the radius near the scaphoid. Using the Denavit-Hartenberg convention, forward and inverse kinematics were applied to model wrist motion. Additionally, ten ligaments were incorporated to impose movement constraints that directly affect fingertip positions. As a results a new virtual human hand model with improved accuracy was developed. This enhanced hand model, which includes wrist movements, provides a more accurate representation of the human hand. New degrees of freedom were added to the original 29 DOF model.