The development of nanoscale formulations (NFs) in biotherapeutics has revolutionised drug delivery, diagnostics, and treatment strategies, resulting in a new era of precision medicine. NFs were developed to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems and navigate biological barriers effectively. This chapter highlights the crucial role of NFs in developing personalised and effective therapies. Additionally, the chapter provides a thorough understanding of the synthetic methods, characterisations, and the application of various NFS in biotherapeutics. Moreover, the integration of NFs within various therapeutic platforms, including antibody conjugation, protein fusion, gene expression and monoclonal-antibody delivery, are discussed within this chapter. Subsequently, the benefits, limitations and enhancement strategies associated with NFs drug bioavailability, targeting specificity, stability, and the potential for controlled release will be discussed The final section discusses emerging trends, future perspectives, and key recommendations for advancing the field of nanomedicine, spotlighting its potential to address limitations in current therapeutic approaches.