Rebelling With Mazzini in the Struggle for Italy
摘要
Victorian women activists Eliza, Caroline, Matilda, and Emilie Ashurst forged remarkable bonds with Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Mazzini in mid-nineteenth-century London, transforming their lives and expanding women’s political engagement. The Ashurst sisters transcended traditional feminine roles through translating Mazzini’s republican writings, fundraising at bazaars, and undertaking clandestine political activities including smuggling funds and forging passports for Italian refugees. Their intellectual connections with Mazzini provided avenues for exercising political agency despite Victorian restrictions on women’s formal political participation. The sisters’ involvement with organizations like the Society of the Friends of Italy (1851–1853) exemplifies how British women could engage with continental politics through transnational networks. The chapter highlights Emilie’s unconventional journey as an artist and divorcée, challenging Victorian marital norms while maintaining her political activism. Through their support of Mazzini’s Risorgimento cause, the Ashurst sisters navigated complex boundaries between private and public spheres, leveraging family networks and wealth to support radical causes. Their relationship with Mazzini illuminates how middle-class Victorian women could rebel against societal constraints while creating alternative pathways to political influence.