Cancer is a grouping of more than a hundred diseases represented and recognized through the unbridled and disordered growth of cells. Depending on the stage, treatment can vary from the application of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery to completely remove the affected site, or a combination of these. These treatments trigger severe adverse effects, causing physical and psychological discomfort in patients and often leading them to give up. Alternative treatments have been developed to overcome these limitations. These include therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and sonophotodynamic therapy (SPDT). These therapies are based on mechanisms that activate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are harmful to the target cells, resulting in minimal or no significant damage to surrounding tissues. This chapter aimed to conceptualize these therapies and their mechanisms and present the stages of research using different cell lines linked to various types of cancer in vitro and in vivo. Alternative therapies are pharmacotherapeutically effective, significantly reducing the percentage of cell viability in the studies presented. It should be noted that when SPDT is used, the values are pronounced, suggesting a synergistic activity between PDT and SDT. These findings are corroborated by the different clinical studies that are recruiting patients. We therefore conclude that the existing data in different papers in the literature on these treatments have already elucidated the major issues surrounding these therapies, and we hope that in the future, the results of clinical studies will provide yet another alternative treatment for various types of cancer with the aim of benefiting both professionals and patients.