Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a unique cancer arising from epithelial cells of the nasopharynx. The incident rate is considerably higher in southern china and Southeast Asia. This specific pattern of distribution may be linked to geographic-specific genetic susceptibility, viral tumorigenesis, lifestyle, and environmental risk factor. Two basic immunotherapy strategies are proposed. The first strategy aims to release preexisting immune response that is blocked by tumor or to actively augment the host’s innate immune. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors like anti-PD1 and anti-LAG3 antibodies block the inhibitory pathways and release the preexisting immune capabilities. Cancer vaccines including dendritic cells (DCs) vaccine and viral vector vaccine are examples of “active immunotherapy” that augment the host’s innate immune. The second strategy “adoptive immunotherapy” directly targets cancer cells. Cytotoxic T cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and cytokine-induced killer cells are examples of this strategy. Here we present a brief summary of key concepts in NPC and summarize the different immunotherapy options in NPC patients.