Innate T cells, comprising invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, gamma delta T (γδ T) cells, and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, constitute a vital component of the immune system, playing a central role in cancer immunosurveillance and immune response modulation. Mounting evidence underscores the critical involvement of innate T cells in cancer development, progression, and therapeutic outcomes. This comprehensive chapter presents an in-depth exploration of the diverse roles of innate T cells in cancer, encompassing their antitumor functions, immunoregulatory capabilities, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Mechanisms employed by innate T cells to recognize and target cancer cells, including direct cytotoxicity, cytokine production, and immune checkpoint regulation, are discussed. Additionally, this chapter examines the impact of innate T-cell dysfunction and exhaustion in tumor immune evasion and resistance to therapy. The chapter further addresses emerging strategies leveraging the potential of innate T cells for cancer immunotherapy, including the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered innate T cell-based approaches. Finally, the challenges and future prospects in targeting innate T cells to enhance cancer immunotherapies are outlined, offering valuable insights to pave the way for innovative and effective cancer treatment modalities.