Dendritic cells (DCs) play a leading role in generating immune responses against infectious and malignant diseases, in addition to being able to regulate autoimmune and allergic responses. Cancer patients usually have their DCs functionally altered, so different authors proposed the creation of therapeutic antitumor vaccines based on DC with the aim of reactivating the patient’s immune response and thus improving the response of antitumor CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. In this chapter, we will review the biology of DCs, from their ontogeny to their subtypes and their respective roles in cancer immunity. In addition, we will describe the different protocols for the sensitization of DC-based vaccines, including the load of lysate of tumor cells, the total RNA transfection, and the formation of hybridomas of tumor cells with DC, and finally we describe the most relevant current clinical trials applied to different types of cancer. And we believe that DC-based immunotherapy is underestimated given the evidence it is a realizable and useful approach to improve and personalize the cancer fight, particularly when applied in combination with conventional therapies in the early stages of treatment.