The land is a crucial natural resource that sustains agriculture and livelihoods in rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Climate change and soil degradation are intricately linked, with detrimental effects on agriculture, environmental resilience, and livelihoods. This chapter is guided by the following specific objectives: (1) establish the climatic trend on the Mbum Plateau, (2) examine land cover dynamics, (3) assess the effects of climate-land cover nexus on crop production, (4) examine the livelihood implications of climate-land cover dynamics on the Mbum Plateau. Most researchers have not delved into the interconnectedness of agrarian soil degradation, climate change, and rural livelihoods. To address this knowledge gap, both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were used. This approach involved reviewing relevant literature, climatic data, and Landsat images spanning from the 1980s to 2024, along with an assessment of agricultural practices and soil degradation, to understand their collective impact on rural livelihoods. This was complemented by crop productivity data from 1990 to 2023. This chapter uncovered compelling evidence of the negative correlation between climatic changes, soil degradation, and the sustainability of rural livelihoods. These findings are groundbreaking as they demonstrate the interplay between climate change, soil degradation, and the sustenance of rural livelihoods. To ensure the continuity of rural livelihoods, it is imperative to foster a resilient environment free from unsustainable agricultural practices.